floating image of dye vials

Research Application Overview

Voltage-sensitive dyes (VSDs) are small molecules that convert changes in voltage inside cells to visible changes in fluorescence. Voltage-sensitive dye imaging is used to record these changes in fluorescence, usually with a microscope.

They are an important tool for researchers who need to measure electrical signaling in cells for several main purposes:

Neuroscience Research

Neuroscience researchers study neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Autism

Microscopic view of fluorescent neural activity with an overlaid graph showing activity spike; bright areas indicate active neurons.

Commonly Used:

Cardiac Research

Cardiac researchers study conditions such as Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy

Commonly Used:

Fluorescent image of cardiac tissue from  Peter Lee at Essel R&D. Single-sensor system for spatially resolved, continuous, and multiparametric optical mapping of cardiac tissue.

Image Courtesy of Peter Lee, Essel R&D

High Throughput Screening

Drug developers test the efficacy or safety of new therapeutic compounds

Graphical representation of different cardiac rhythms in human iPSC-CMs, showcasing normal beating, and Type A, B, C, and T arrhythmias, using Di-4-ANEPPS dye for visualization.

Commonly Used:

Blinova, Ksenia et al. (2017) Pubmed

New & Novel Applications

Researchers use cancer cell lines to track hyperpolarization propagation

Microscopic image showing cells with numbered regions, with corresponding line graphs representing data analysis of each region. Voltage imaging reveals the dynamic and propagating electrical signatures of human breast cancer cells.

Commonly Used:

 Related Literature: